怎样治疗湿疹性皮炎

如何治疗湿疹性皮炎配图，仅供参考

Treatment
Treatment is mainly aimed at restoring the skin barrier and modulating the abnormal immune response. Education on skin hygiene strategies is important for all patients,ideally with written action plans. There is uncertainty as to ideal bathing recommendations as it may improve skin hydration and provide some symptom relief while use of detergents may have a dehydrating effect. Emollients are a cornerstone of treatment and can lead to a decrease in the amount of prescription topical agents needed to treat AD ). However,it is not known the optimal amount or frequency of emollient application. Additionally,there are some moisturizers that may irritate the skin of individual patients. Besides emollients,topical agents including corticosteroids are first-line therapy. Non-steroidal options such as topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCIs) are useful for areas of sensitive skin such as face,neck,and genitals. Calcineurin inhibitors can also be used as maintenance twice a week to reduce the frequency and severity of flares ). While there was initial concern regarding the use of TCIs and the risk of malignancy,post-marketing research has been reassuring as to the safety of these treatments ). In patients who fail topical treatment,phototherapy,oral immunosuppressants,and targeted biologics are indicated. In particular,the anti-IL4 receptor alpha inhibitor dupilumab has changed the way we treat AD in both pediatric and adult patient. While sedating antihistamines for short-term use can assist with sleep disturbance caused by pruritus,there is a lack of evidence to support the use of non-sedating and sedating antihistamines for generalized,extended use. Due to cumulative side effects,oral corticosteroids should be avoided in the long-term and in children. There are many exciting new mechanisms of action in development (or very recently approved) to treat atopic dermatitis including aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists,commensal bacteria,JAK inhibitors (JAKi),and new biologics that target IL-13,IL-31,IL-33,and OX-40 ).","department":"